Lessons from the Qur’an : Surah Al-Qadr

Surah Al-Qadr (chapter 97 of the Qur’an) was revealed in Makkah. This Surah focuses on the importance and virtues of Lailat-ul-Qadr.

SUMMARIZED INTERPRETATION OF SURAH AL-QADR:  

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
[In the Name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.]

1) إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَاهُ فِي لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ
[Verily, We have sent it (this Qur’an) down in the Night of Al-Qadr (Decree).]

The Night of Al-Qadr is the most virtuous night of the year. It is the night in which the Qur’an was sent down. ‘Abdullah Ibn ‘Abbas, the cousin of the Prophet and one of the greatest commentators of the Qur’an said:

“Allah sent down the Qur’an at one time from al-Lawh al-Mahfooz to Bayt al-‘Izzah in the first heaven, then it was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in stages according to events over twenty-three years.” [Tafsir Ibn Kathir]

The Night of Al-Qadr is in the last ten nights of Ramadan. It is more likely to be one of the odd-numbered nights during this period, because the Prophet said:
“Seek Lailat-ul-Qadr in the odd-numbered nights of the last ten nights (of Ramadan).” [Narrated by Al-Bukhari]

Shedding light on the exact date of the Night of Al-Qadr, the great Islamic scholar Ibn Taymiyah said:
“Odd-numbers have to do with what is past (i.e., when one starts counting from the beginning of the month), so it should be sought on the twenty-first, the twenty-third, the twenty-fifth, the twenty-seventh or the twenty-ninth; or it may be with regard to what is left, as the Prophet said: ‘when there are nine left, or seven left, or five left, or three left’. On this basis, if the month has thirty days, these will be even-numbered nights, so on the twenty-second there will be nine days left, on the twenty-fourth there will be seven days left (and so on). This is how it was explained by Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri (a companion of the Prophet) in an authentic Hadeeth, and this is how the Prophet prayed Qiyam during this month (i.e. Ramadan). If this is the case, then the believer should seek it in all of the last ten nights.” [Al-Fataawaa of Ibn Taymiyah]

2) وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ
[And what will make you know what the Night of Al-Qadr (Decree) is?]

3) لَيْلَةُ الْقَدْرِ خَيْرٌ مِّنْ أَلْفِ شَهْرٍ
[The Night of Al-Qadr (Decree) is better than a thousand months (i.e. worshipping Allah in that night is better than worshipping Him a thousand months, i.e. 83 years and 4 months).]

4) تَنَزَّلُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ وَالرُّوحُ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِم مِّن كُلِّ أَمْرٍ
[Therein descend the angels and the Rûh (Angel Jibrâîl) by Allah’s Permission with all Decrees,]

Allah decrees every matter of ordainments (like who will live, who will die, what provision people will be given, what will happen until the end of that year etc.) on the Night of Al-Qadr and these decrees cannot be altered or changed. Allah says elsewhere in the Qur’an (interpretation of the meaning):

“We sent it (this Qur’an) down on a blessed night (i.e. the Night of Al-Qadr). Verily, We are ever warning (mankind that Our torment will reach those who disbelieve in Our Oneness of Lordship and in Our Oneness of worship).

Therein (that night) is decreed every matter of ordainments.
As a Command from Us. Verily, We are ever sending (the Messengers),
(As) a mercy from your Lord. Verily, He is the All-Hearer, the All-Knower.” [Al Qur’an 44:3-6]

5) سَلَامٌ هِيَ حَتَّىٰ مَطْلَعِ الْفَجْرِ
[(All that night), there is peace (and goodness from Allah to His believing slaves) until the appearance of dawn.]

Allah forgives many people on the Night of Al-Qadr. The Prophet said:

“Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan out of faith and in the hope of earning reward, all his previous sins will be forgiven, and whoever stays up during Lailat-ul-Qadr out of faith and in the hope of earning reward, all his previous sins will be forgiven.” [Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim]


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